Thingiverse
M87* photon ring scaled one in 1.5*10^15 by tato_713
by Thingiverse
Last crawled date: 4 years, 5 months ago
This is a representation of the intensity of the light emitted from around the central black hole of the galaxy M87 (named M87*). I made this using MATLAB R2020a and the images from Arras (2020), images derived from the famous images from the Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration (2019), the first "direct" images taken of a black hole ever. The original image is extremely blurred because of its short apparent diameter (angle of view). In order to get the scale, is about the same apparent size of watching a smartphone on the surface of the Moon, from Earth. This was posible using telescopes all around the globe as a giant interferometer. There are also distortion because of the gravitational lensing, and the material present there is constantly moving. I use the "day 0" of the mentioned paper, and I made correction for the gravitational lensing, simulating the path of light around the black hole. The shadow of the black hole was also compensated. I simulate the orbit of the material around for 4 days, just to give the model a "whirlpool" looking. I have to clarify that non feature shown in the model have a real correlation, the material there is orbiting in a thin flat disc around, and from 3 times the Schwarzschild radius beyond. The main brilliant ring is the photon ring, composed of photons orbiting at the speed of light, ionizing and spiralling inside the event horizon. I used Blender to smooth the borders of the disc. The part you see in the original image is the "south" side of disc. That's because of its spin direction and the right hand rule, the south direction of the rotational axis is pointing almost directly to us.
The file's names explained: name_1_x_10_y.stl is 1 : x * 10y. So _1_6_10_7 is 1:600000000 or one in 60 million.
M87*
M87, or Messier object 87, is one of the biggest galaxies in the local universe, and so it is its central supermassive black. The galaxy is shaped symmetrically spherical, unlike our Milky Way, that has spiral arms instead. The very core of it has a SMBH, where emerge a jet of plasma at relativistic speed, that points near to our direction, 17° to the line of sight. The SMBH event horizon is so big that all the Solar System planets with their orbits fit inside; and it is the second largest event horizon in apparent diameter, that is, the size we see it from here. Te first event horizon in that rank is Sgr A*, Milky Way's core SMBH, because of its proximity to Earth, but Sgr A* is actually way smaller than M87*. The area represented in this model is comparable in size with our Solar System Heliosphere. A black hole whole mass is concentrated in its center, the singularity, but it's common to use the volume of the event horizon as the black hole's volume. The event horizon is not a solid surface, but a boundary from where light can no longer escape. In stellar mass black holes, the event horizon, like Cygnus X-1, have a radius, called "Schwarzschild radius", of a few tens to hundreds kilometers, comparable with a medium size asteroid, resulting in a density over billions times that of water. In contrast, super masive black holes can have a density similar or even lower than water. This is because the Schwarzschild radius is proportional to the mass, and thus, the volume grows by exponent 3 over the mass.
Type: Black hole.
Distance to the Sun: 10.638x107 ly.
Density: Infinite (singularity), 0.0004 g/cm3 (event horizon)
Model scale: 1:1.5x1015 (20cm)
References
Visible shapes of black holesM87* and SgrA. Dokuchaev. 2020
The variable shadow of M87*. Arras. 2020
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole. The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration. 2019
Surf to STL function for MATLAB Other astronomical objects
Object
Scale [1:x]
K = 103 (thousand)M = 106 (million)G = 109 (billion)
Image
Inner Solar System
Mercury
20M, 60M,
120M
Venus
60M,
120M,
250M
Earth
60M,
120M,
250M
Luna
10M, 20M,
60M
Mars
20M, 60M,
120M
Phobos and Deimos
200K,
500K
Artificial
Salyut 7
40, 48, 80, 160
Near Earth Asteroids
Moshup and Squannit
8K,
20K,
40K
Ra-Shalom
20K,
40K
Castalia
8K,
20K,
40K
Bacchus
8K,
20K
Bennu
3K,
8K
Ryugu
3K, 8K,
20K
Geographos
40K,
80K
Phaethon
40K,
80K
Itokawa
3K,
8K
Eros
80K, 200K,
500K
Nereus
3K,
8K
Mithra
20K,
40K
Golevka
8K
Toutatis
40K,
80K
Main Asteroid Belt
Gaspra
200K
Annefrank
40K,
80K
Braille
20K,
40K
Vesta
2M, 4M,
10M
Šteins
40K,
80K,
200K
Iris
2M,
4M
Hebe
1M,
2M,
4M
Lutetia
500K, 1M,
2M
Julia
1M,
2M,
4M
Mathilde
500K,
1M
Juno
2M,
4M
Ceres
4M,
10M
Pallas
4M,
10M
Kleopatra
2M,
4M
Ida
500K,
1M
Psyche
2M,
4M
Interamnia
2M,
4M
Hygiea
2M,
4M,
10M
Antiope
1M,
2M
Jovian System
Jupiter
500M, 1G
Amalthea
2M,
4M
Thebe
1M,
2M
Io
20M,
60M
Europa
20M,
60M
Ganymede
60M,
120M
Callisto
60M,
120M
Saturn System
Saturn
500M,
1G
Pan, Daphnis and Atlas
80K,
200K,
500K,
1M
Prometheus and Pandora
1M,
2M
Janus and Epimetheus
2M,
4M
Mimas
2M,
4M,
10M
Methone, Anthe and Pallene
40K,
80K
Enceladus
4M,
10M
Tethys
4M, 10M, 20M
Telesto and Calypso
200K,
500K
Dione
4M, 10M, 20M
Helene
500K,
1M
Rhea
10M,
20M
Titan
60M,
120M
Hyperion
2M,
4M
Iapetus
10M,
20M
Phoebe
1M, 2M,
4M
Uranian System
Uranus
250M,
500M,
1G
Puck
1M,
2M,
4M
Miranda
4M,
10M
Ariel
10M, 20M
Umbriel
10M, 20M
Titania
10M,
20M
Oberon
10M,
20M
Neptunian System
Neptune
250M,
500M,
1G
Larissa
2M,
4M
Proteus
2M,
4M,
10M
Triton
20M
Comets
Tempel 1
40K,
80K,
200K
Wild 2
40K,
80K
Churyumov-Gerasimenko
20K, 40K,
80K
Hartley 2
20K,
40K,
80K
Borrelly
40K,
80K,
200K
Halley
80K,
200K
Centaurs and TNOs
Hidalgo
500K, 1M
Chariklo
2M,
4M
Pluto and Charon
10M,
20M
Styx, Nix, Kerberos and Hydra
500K,
1M
Haumea, Namaka and Hiʻiaka
10M,
20M
Arrokoth
200K,
500K,
1M
Largest TNOs and their moons
10M,
20M
Extrasolar
Exoplanets
120M,
250M,
500M
Nearest white dwarfs
120M,
250M
HD 189733 b
1G
Pulsars
200K,
500K
Cygnus X-1 accretion disk
10M,
20M
M87* photon ring
1.5*1014
Sky maps
Heliosphere
7.5*1013, 1.5*1014
Constellations
-
CMBR
2*1028
Ancient
Earth (540 Mya to 20 Mya)
60M,
120M,
250M
Luna (4 Gya)
20M,
60M
Speculative
Planet Nine
250M,
500M
Cube planet
60M,
120M,
250M
Science Fiction
Ghroth
4M,
10M
Arda
60M,
120M
B612
10, 20, 32, 40
Mesklin
500M,
1G
Arrakis
60M,
120M
Borg cube
8K, 20K,
40K
Pern
60M,
120M
Europa Monolith
200K,
500K
Leonora Christine
500, 600, 1K, 3K
Rama
80K, 200K, 500K
Death Star
500K, 1M, 2M
Starkiller Base
2M, 4M,
10M
Nirn, Secunda and Masser
20M,
60M,
120M
Independence Day mothership
2M,
4M,
10M
Arrival heptapod spaceship
1K,
3K,
8K
Gaijin flowership
3K
Red Moon
60M,
120M
Halo Array
4M,
10M, 20M, 60M
Gem Homeworld
120M, 250M, 500M
The Skeld
40, 80, 160, 350, 500
Misc
Mars (1962 reconstruction)
60M,
120M
Flat Earth
250M
Expanding Earth
60M, 120M
Spaceship of Ezekiel
80, 160
The file's names explained: name_1_x_10_y.stl is 1 : x * 10y. So _1_6_10_7 is 1:600000000 or one in 60 million.
M87*
M87, or Messier object 87, is one of the biggest galaxies in the local universe, and so it is its central supermassive black. The galaxy is shaped symmetrically spherical, unlike our Milky Way, that has spiral arms instead. The very core of it has a SMBH, where emerge a jet of plasma at relativistic speed, that points near to our direction, 17° to the line of sight. The SMBH event horizon is so big that all the Solar System planets with their orbits fit inside; and it is the second largest event horizon in apparent diameter, that is, the size we see it from here. Te first event horizon in that rank is Sgr A*, Milky Way's core SMBH, because of its proximity to Earth, but Sgr A* is actually way smaller than M87*. The area represented in this model is comparable in size with our Solar System Heliosphere. A black hole whole mass is concentrated in its center, the singularity, but it's common to use the volume of the event horizon as the black hole's volume. The event horizon is not a solid surface, but a boundary from where light can no longer escape. In stellar mass black holes, the event horizon, like Cygnus X-1, have a radius, called "Schwarzschild radius", of a few tens to hundreds kilometers, comparable with a medium size asteroid, resulting in a density over billions times that of water. In contrast, super masive black holes can have a density similar or even lower than water. This is because the Schwarzschild radius is proportional to the mass, and thus, the volume grows by exponent 3 over the mass.
Type: Black hole.
Distance to the Sun: 10.638x107 ly.
Density: Infinite (singularity), 0.0004 g/cm3 (event horizon)
Model scale: 1:1.5x1015 (20cm)
References
Visible shapes of black holesM87* and SgrA. Dokuchaev. 2020
The variable shadow of M87*. Arras. 2020
First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole. The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration. 2019
Surf to STL function for MATLAB Other astronomical objects
Object
Scale [1:x]
K = 103 (thousand)M = 106 (million)G = 109 (billion)
Image
Inner Solar System
Mercury
20M, 60M,
120M
Venus
60M,
120M,
250M
Earth
60M,
120M,
250M
Luna
10M, 20M,
60M
Mars
20M, 60M,
120M
Phobos and Deimos
200K,
500K
Artificial
Salyut 7
40, 48, 80, 160
Near Earth Asteroids
Moshup and Squannit
8K,
20K,
40K
Ra-Shalom
20K,
40K
Castalia
8K,
20K,
40K
Bacchus
8K,
20K
Bennu
3K,
8K
Ryugu
3K, 8K,
20K
Geographos
40K,
80K
Phaethon
40K,
80K
Itokawa
3K,
8K
Eros
80K, 200K,
500K
Nereus
3K,
8K
Mithra
20K,
40K
Golevka
8K
Toutatis
40K,
80K
Main Asteroid Belt
Gaspra
200K
Annefrank
40K,
80K
Braille
20K,
40K
Vesta
2M, 4M,
10M
Šteins
40K,
80K,
200K
Iris
2M,
4M
Hebe
1M,
2M,
4M
Lutetia
500K, 1M,
2M
Julia
1M,
2M,
4M
Mathilde
500K,
1M
Juno
2M,
4M
Ceres
4M,
10M
Pallas
4M,
10M
Kleopatra
2M,
4M
Ida
500K,
1M
Psyche
2M,
4M
Interamnia
2M,
4M
Hygiea
2M,
4M,
10M
Antiope
1M,
2M
Jovian System
Jupiter
500M, 1G
Amalthea
2M,
4M
Thebe
1M,
2M
Io
20M,
60M
Europa
20M,
60M
Ganymede
60M,
120M
Callisto
60M,
120M
Saturn System
Saturn
500M,
1G
Pan, Daphnis and Atlas
80K,
200K,
500K,
1M
Prometheus and Pandora
1M,
2M
Janus and Epimetheus
2M,
4M
Mimas
2M,
4M,
10M
Methone, Anthe and Pallene
40K,
80K
Enceladus
4M,
10M
Tethys
4M, 10M, 20M
Telesto and Calypso
200K,
500K
Dione
4M, 10M, 20M
Helene
500K,
1M
Rhea
10M,
20M
Titan
60M,
120M
Hyperion
2M,
4M
Iapetus
10M,
20M
Phoebe
1M, 2M,
4M
Uranian System
Uranus
250M,
500M,
1G
Puck
1M,
2M,
4M
Miranda
4M,
10M
Ariel
10M, 20M
Umbriel
10M, 20M
Titania
10M,
20M
Oberon
10M,
20M
Neptunian System
Neptune
250M,
500M,
1G
Larissa
2M,
4M
Proteus
2M,
4M,
10M
Triton
20M
Comets
Tempel 1
40K,
80K,
200K
Wild 2
40K,
80K
Churyumov-Gerasimenko
20K, 40K,
80K
Hartley 2
20K,
40K,
80K
Borrelly
40K,
80K,
200K
Halley
80K,
200K
Centaurs and TNOs
Hidalgo
500K, 1M
Chariklo
2M,
4M
Pluto and Charon
10M,
20M
Styx, Nix, Kerberos and Hydra
500K,
1M
Haumea, Namaka and Hiʻiaka
10M,
20M
Arrokoth
200K,
500K,
1M
Largest TNOs and their moons
10M,
20M
Extrasolar
Exoplanets
120M,
250M,
500M
Nearest white dwarfs
120M,
250M
HD 189733 b
1G
Pulsars
200K,
500K
Cygnus X-1 accretion disk
10M,
20M
M87* photon ring
1.5*1014
Sky maps
Heliosphere
7.5*1013, 1.5*1014
Constellations
-
CMBR
2*1028
Ancient
Earth (540 Mya to 20 Mya)
60M,
120M,
250M
Luna (4 Gya)
20M,
60M
Speculative
Planet Nine
250M,
500M
Cube planet
60M,
120M,
250M
Science Fiction
Ghroth
4M,
10M
Arda
60M,
120M
B612
10, 20, 32, 40
Mesklin
500M,
1G
Arrakis
60M,
120M
Borg cube
8K, 20K,
40K
Pern
60M,
120M
Europa Monolith
200K,
500K
Leonora Christine
500, 600, 1K, 3K
Rama
80K, 200K, 500K
Death Star
500K, 1M, 2M
Starkiller Base
2M, 4M,
10M
Nirn, Secunda and Masser
20M,
60M,
120M
Independence Day mothership
2M,
4M,
10M
Arrival heptapod spaceship
1K,
3K,
8K
Gaijin flowership
3K
Red Moon
60M,
120M
Halo Array
4M,
10M, 20M, 60M
Gem Homeworld
120M, 250M, 500M
The Skeld
40, 80, 160, 350, 500
Misc
Mars (1962 reconstruction)
60M,
120M
Flat Earth
250M
Expanding Earth
60M, 120M
Spaceship of Ezekiel
80, 160