CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF A HYBRID ELECTRIC BLIMP WITH COMPRESSED AIR SYSTEM by Isarts3d

Last crawled date: 2 years, 11 months ago

01- Introduction- CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF A HYBRID ELECTRIC BLIMP WITH COMPRESSED AIR SYSTEM
Currently with the growing demand for energy, but with pespectivas of declining fossil fuels, the world turns to alternative renewable sources, mainly derived from sunlight, both in the use of wind technologies, and photovoltaic cells or tidal waves.
It comes to concern for the environment, constantentemente deteriorating due to the use of energy derived from fossil sources like oil and coal.
In the area of ​​air transport, where the predominant use of fossil fuels used in aircraft, there is a tendency for the world to turn to old technologies that utizam less fossil fuel and hence less polluting, airships.
In this sense, I developed a conceptual design of an airship with an innovative propulsion system, combining compressed air with normal temperature with hot air, and the use of two types of gas: helium and hot air.
It is a hybrid airship for several reasons: First, because it uses two kinds of gases helium and hot air. Second, because the engine has to be hybrid, conventional and electric. Also the design of the airship, as it has wings, like an airplane.
Is therefore a conceptual design, drawings were made freely without calculations or detailing. Only the exposure of an idea in 3D drawings, to be examined for their viability.
In addition, other innovations have been incorporated as a system of maneuverability, allowing the airship back, move forward or laterally, turning on itself horizontally.
For the production of compressed air, has a main hybrid engine that captures the air through an opening on the front of the ship.
The wings are located electric motors that produce hot and turbines, horizontal and vertical air.
The intention is to coat the top of the plates photovoltaic flexible nature in order to produce electrical energy to power the engines, and wings at the top, to produce hot air to be mixed with air at normal temperature in the turbines.
The load module, located on the underside of the ship, has four ramps that also function as complementary lower wings, which theoretically help stabilize the ship. Moreover, they have the function of fixing the airship on track.
This module may have the option to passengers, like a flying bus.
Images its shape can be seen in figures 1 to 4.
02-Overview of the distribution of gases in the hybrid airship (Image5-CorteGeral)
  Are two types of gases used in drigível: Helium and hot air.
Helium gas is distributed think-and four pockets: In front, behind, above and below the body of the ship. Already warm air located in a pocket in the center of the nave.
Helium always keep the amount constant, while the hot air temperature would vary according to the convenience.
For example: being empty the load module, the air would have to room temperature, and when the load module, the pocket would with lighter warm air, contributing to the ship rise more easily.
03- Scheme of the main module (Image6-General Scheme) compressed air - The main system air intake located on the front of the ship (01). Inside is a chamber (05) where there are two sets of systems so as to produce the compressed air for heating the air, which feed the central pocket of warm air (02) located over the load module (03).

04- Scheme of distribution of the compressed air chamber for the wings (Image7-Scheme-General Picture1)
Main motor hybrid (conventional fuel and electric) (06) follows the compressed air for the four wings (04) where there are the vertical (09) and horizontal (10) turbines.
05-General view of the distribution of compressed air and hot air (Image7-Scheme-General Picture1) schemes
From the central cabin (05), the compressed air goes to the wings (04), front, and rear wings, the pipe (13).
The wings (04) are other systems such as hot air to produce (08) and the other for maneuvering the ship (12). It is also lying on the vertical (09) and horizontal turbine (10) receiving the compressed air passing through another discharge through the system (11).
06- central hall of the main processing systems for air (05) - (Image8-Camara-Picture1)
It is located on the front of the ship, and is divided into two parts: At the bottom are the two compressed air cylinders (6.6), and on the upper floor, hybrid electric and (6.1) engines, in addition to the system heating of air (07).
Access to this cubicle is through an opening in the floor (6.9) via a cage (6.10).
6.1-The main engine of the hybrid nature (6.1) - It finds itself coupled centrifugal pump (6.2) that sucks air atravéz channel (6.3) connecting the front of the ship.
The air is directed to two cylinders (6.6), sendos before last for a settlement through an auxiliary electric boma (6.4). Hence the first cylinder distributes compressed air to the two front wings, and the second to rear (6.7).
07- Heating the air that feeds the central pocket (02). (Image8-Camara-Picture2)
Is located on the second floor level of the chamber.
It consists of an electric pump (07) coupled to a centrifugal pump (7.1) sucking air from the chamber (05) and also from engine exhaust (6.10).
The hot air from the engine passes through a filter cleaning (6.9) before entering the centrifugal pump.
This mixture of air still passes through a heater (7.2) and then proceed to the pocket of warm air (02) located in the center of the nave.
08- Systems located in asas- (Image9-EsquemaAsa)
Discharge system primarily The compressed air coming from the engine (6.7.1) follows the central air system to another booster (11) before reaching the vertical (09) and horizontal (10) turbines.
- Systems of production of hot-air (08)
Produces hot air to blend the compressed air in the turbines.
- System for maneuvering the ship (12), rotating the ends of the beaks.
System 09- the main air discharge (11) (image10-BombaRecalque-Picture1)
The compressed air that comes from the core engine passes through another booster before entering the air cylinder (11.2), produced by an electric motor (11), in order to further increase the pressure inside it.
Hence, it follows both the horizontal turbines (9.10), as vertical, the hoses (11.4,11.5)
divided by fork (11.3).
10-production system for hot air (image11-SistemaArQuente-Picture1)
Through an electric motor (08) coupled in a centrifugal pump (8.1), the heated air is withdrawn from the hot air pocket (4.1) of the upper wing (04) and thus driven to the air cylinder (8.5) . Before that passes through a junction (8.4) which, connected to an auxiliary electric motor (8.3), air is repressed to give the pressure inside the cylinder.
The cylinder (8.5), the compressed air passes through a heater (8.6), raising the temperature further, and is then divided into two parts through the bifurcation Y (8.7) and following the hoses (8.8, 8.9) to the horizontal and vertical turbines, where it mixes with the compressed air from the main engine.
10.1- pocket of hot air on the wings (image11-SistemaArQuente-Picture2) - This illustration shows another more clearly the air pocket (4.1), situated on top of the wing (04), which is metal, and so the air is heated by the sun.
11-pressurization system for air nozzles to maneuver the airship híbrido- (Image12-Bicomp-Picture1)
A specific system to maneuver the airship finds itself installed in the wing of the ship. It consists of an electric motor (12) coupled to a centrifugal pump captures the hot air from the top of the wing where no hot air pocket (4.1).
This captured air hot air pocket (4.1) of the wing repressed by the electric motor for compressed air (12.3) cylinder, goes directly to the nozzle actuator (12.1), by means of a sleeve (12.4) which passes underneath the horizontal turbine (10).
Besides the captured air pocket Wing also brings another source - the pocket of the center of the nave, through a pipe that comes from the pocket of the main body of the ship (12.5) (Image12-Bicomp-Picture2).
The idea is that when there is need to exchange air in this pocket for a change in temperature according to convenience, this system also works accordingly.
11.1- Nozzle maneuver (12.1) - It is located at the wing, and can rotate 360 ​​degrees.
Is this atravéz swivel spout that the ship can maneuver forward, backward, and to turn on itself, and around laterally (image13-Maneuver-Picture1).
12-Maneuverability of aeronave- (image13-Maneuver)
One of the features that stand out in the hybrid airship is its maneuverability.
By design, it is capable of maneuvers that have no existing aircraft, whether plane or helicopter drones:
This is possible thanks to the maneuvering system composed of compressed air, with movable nozzles installed at the end of the four wings.
To facilitate visibility of nozzles deliberately upped its dimensions in relation to the ship, to explain their functions.
Maneuvering of the airship consists of:
Back slowly (1) - All four nozzles directed forward (2), as shown in the next image (image13-Maneuver-Picture2)
Next lentamente- All nozzles directed back to the ship recedes.
Around laterally (1), for both left and right
With all nozzles (2) facing the left direction, the ship will move laterally to the right side (image13-Maneuver-Picture3)
Reversing the direction of the nozzles, the ship will shift to the left
Turn on itself (image13-Maneuver-Picture4)
With the tips of the two wings (2), right side facing forward, and the left side facing back, the ship will rotate in the opposite direction (1) of the output of compressed air jet coming out of the nozzles.
Reversing the position of all nozzles, the ship will rotate in the opposite direction.
13-Camera access the main processing systems ar- (image14-AcessoCamara-Picture1)
Access to the chamber (05) is through an opening in the floor (6:12), in the center, which lies between the two compressed air cylinders (6.6).
14-cage transport (6:13) - (image14-AcessoCamara-Picture2)
To gain access to the chamber of engines (5), instead of a door, the access is on the ground (6:12).
  It is necessary to make use of a cage (6:13) who falls for an opening that also passes on housing ship, on its bottom.
To support this cage, there will be a lift system by means of two steel cables, not shown in the drawing.
This cage will pass right in front of the cockpit of the load module.
15-Turbine System comprimido- air (Image15-turbines-Picture1)
The assembly of the turbine compressed air is formed by four basic elements: a turbine (9,10) itself, the bifunctional helix (9.4), the support (9.1) in a ring shape to set the turbine in the wing (4.3 ) and the bearing (9.5) that holds the propeller.
Functioning of turbina- Compressed air coming from the main engine by hose (11.4) enters the turbine at the opening at the top, and just below, the heated air enters the hose (8.9).
This mixture of compressed air at different temperatures, plus the added volume will cause a greater pressure on the turbine by the expansion of hot air. Thus power will be greater thrust of the turbine.
The air expelled from the exit of the turbine in circular (9.2) form is still harnessed to move a set of propellers.
15.1- Propellers of bifunctional turbinas- (Image15-turbines-Picture2)
These propellers are of two types: The inner part (9.3), helical shape, is receiving the blow jet of compressed air leaving the turbine, causing it to rotate, and also rotates consequenteme outside (9.4) of propeller sucking air from the top of the vertical turbine, or horizontally in front of the turbine.
Thus, besides the buoyancy caused by the jet of compressed air leaving the turbine, the propeller also contributes to raise the ship.
The turbine is fixed to the cylindrical opening by means of a ring (9.1) in both the top and the bottom of this support.
The set of blades (9.3, 9.4) rotates freely in the bearing (9.5) which is fixed in the cylindrical opening of the wing (4.3).
16-System repression of auxiliary pump (image10-BombaRecalque-Picture2)
Typical air discharge system, consisting of an auxiliary electric pump (1), the helical screw (3) and fork side tube (2).
The compressed air enters the input side of the junction (2), and the passage for the pipe, is repressed by the electric pump (1) through the helix coil in the straight part for joining the compressed air cylinder (4).
The intention of this system is to strengthen further the compressed air in the cylinder, and consequently increasing the power of your action.
This system has been implanted in all cylinders of the compressed air in the ship.
Created this way to boost the compressed air, and therefore may be questionable efficiency. There may be more efficient ways to accomplish this function.
Deploy a system with pistons, like a conventional compressor, I thought that would result in additional weight, hence why I thought this simplest form.
17-module load-(Image16-MóduloCarga-Picture1)
The load module (02) finds itself attached to the bottom of the hybrid airship (01), and has two doors (05) large enough to allow a forklift to load.
17.1- Ramps For access-entry module, such as forklifts or persons, if the module is for people, there are four ramps (06) which actually also has other functions. They serve as landing gear, and set the ship on track through the holes (07) at their ends, where locks can be placed.
Moreover, these ramps also act as auxiliary wings, which can help with stability during flight.
17.2- Cabin pilot-course Located on the front of the ship, a higher load compared to the sector, and side windows and central heating.
17.3- Interior of charge- (Image16-MóduloCarga-Picture2) module
Has ample internal space, sufficient for entry and maneuvering of forklifts with load.
The entrance to the cockpit is done using a ladder (08), as his floor is higher than in the cargo sector.
17.4- Cutaway view of the load-(Image16-VistaemCortes-Picture2) module
The sectional view of the load (02) module and the main part (01) is displayed clearly the sloping floor of the cockpit (09) with the floor of the loading dock and the placement of the front and side windows (03).
There are also the visualization of the position of the load in relation to the camera module of the engines of the ship, as well as access to it.
18-Final considerations:
As pointed out in the introduction, this is a conceptual design, where ideas were introduced freely, without any calculation or steeper deepening components. Only indication of the main elements, with representation in them, similar to 3D designs that are truly.
What needs to be analyzed are systems developed to see if they are viable or not, such as:
- System turbina- are mixed with normal compressed air hot to give greater pressure inside the bifunctional helix, where the compressed air expelled by the output from the turbine directly affects internal helical propellers, air and with it, the external propellers, to internal solidarity, moves in order to suck air from the top, and thereby helping the thrust of the turbine.
So would two systems working simultaneously on the buoyancy of the ship: the thrust of the turbine and the movement of the outer propellers.
- The auxilidar recalque- pump system there also to check their efficiency, in order to further increase the pressure in the compressed air cylinders.
- Combination of two types of gases- Another factor to be checked is the combination that suggest the project with respect to the gases responsible for the elevation of the airship. The helium gas with hot air.
In the design set helium four pockets of the main body of the spacecraft, and also in the wings, and the warm air would occupy the central part thereof. The helium gas to remain constant amount, while the hot air temperature vary depending on the convenience. The hot air also occupy a pocket on top of the wings, collected to blend with compressed air at normal temperature in the turbines.
However, there may be no advantage to justify this system. Then, another suggestion is to leave only the helium gas and thus eliminate the hot air system.
- System maneuverability of navigable Another system to be analyzed.
I created a rotary nozzles located at the ends of the wing, powered tablet, which according to their direction, the ship can move slowly back, move laterally either to the right and to the left, and turn on itself.
- System of production of solar-energy for power all the electric motors of the airship, suggested installing on top of the main body of the airship, flexible photovoltaic plates, with the exception of the wings, where the upper part of this would have to be metal to air heating in the pocket of her part.
- Landing gear shaped rampa- Another innovation being examined: I designed the gear-shaped ramp, so that it has multiple uses.
As landing gear, the airship can be stuck in the track surface, pass through latches that the holes at the ends.
Works as ramp passage of forklifts to load the load module.
Can aid in flight stability of the ship, as these ramps can make the function of additional wings.
- Finally, the design of the aircraft itself may be challenged by their aerodynamics.
I am not an engineer or expert in this field and not have higher education. I am a self-taught designer who designs as ideas emerge only.
I wish this conceptual design of this hybrid airship was analyzed by experts to verify the feasibility of all the ideas presented in it.
If companies also interested in continuing the development of this project, please contact me.
For English, the text is automatically translated by google translator. So it may be that many words slipped out of context.
This description of the project, with a wealth of illustrations, is available for download in pdf, in both Portuguese and English.
Project- Conceptual design of a hybrid electric and compressed air airship
Author of Project- Issamu Aono Ichiya
Country of origin- Brazil
Location- actualization Japan